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学生成绩管理系统设计
///////////////////以下是源程序，你稍作修改就能使用，student.txt的格式Hi我告诉你
#include iostream
#include fstream
#include string
const char * file = "student.txt";
using namespace std;
class Student
{
public:
int Num, Age, Maths, English, Cpp, Total, Rank;
string Name;
char Sex;
void Set(int num, string name, char sex,int age, int english, int maths, int cpp)
{
Num =num;
Name =name;
Sex=sex;
Age=age;
English=english;
Maths=maths;
Cpp=cpp;
Total=english+maths+cpp;
};
void total()
{
cout "The score of " Name " in total is: "
Maths + English + Cpp endl;
};
void ave()
{
cout "The score of " Name " in average is: "
(Maths + English + Cpp)/3.0 endl;
};
void display()
{
//数字设置为右对齐
cout.setf(ios_base ::right, ios_base ::adjustfield);
cout.width(3);
cout Num " ";
//字符串设置为左对齐
cout.setf(ios_base ::left, ios_base ::adjustfield);
cout.width(8);
cout Name;
cout.width(4);
cout Sex;
//数字设置为右对齐
cout.setf(ios_base ::right, ios_base ::adjustfield);
cout.width(3);
cout Age;
cout.width(8);
cout English;
cout.width(6);
cout Maths;
cout.width(4);
cout Cpp;
cout.width(6);
cout Total;
};
int rank() //返回名次
{ return Rank;};
}stu[5];
void getdatas();
void dis_age();
void dis_course();
void dis_ave();
void dis_total();
void openfile();
void callchoice();
void dis_all();
int main()
{
cout "1、输入学生信息并保存到文件" endl
"2、按年龄从大到小显示学生各项信息" endl
"3、按各门成绩由高到低显示学生信息" endl
"4、输入学号计算学生平均成绩并显示" endl
"5、输入学号计算学生总成绩并显示" endl
"6、按学生总成绩排名并显示排名结果" endl
"请选择（1－6）" endl;
callchoice();
return 0;
}
void callchoice()
{
cout "\nPress 1-6 to select your choice, and any character to terminate:_\b";
int choice;
while(cin choice)
{
switch (choice)
{
case 1 : getdatas(); callchoice(); break; //接受输入并存至文件
case 2 : dis_age(); callchoice(); break; //按年龄显示
case 3 : dis_course();callchoice(); break; //按单科成绩排名并显示
case 4 : dis_ave(); callchoice(); break; //显示某位学生的平均分
case 5 : dis_total(); callchoice(); break; //显示某位学生的总分
case 6 : dis_all(); callchoice(); break; //按总分排名并显示
default : cout "Wrong input, select again: ";
}
cin choice;
}
}
void openfile() //打开文件，并将信息复制到类成员中
{
ifstream fin(file, ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
if(fin.is_open())
for (int i=0; i5 ;i++)
{
int num, age, english, maths, cpp;
char sex;
string name;
fin num name sex age english maths cpp;
stu[i].Set(num, name, sex, age, english, maths, cpp);
}
else cout "The file could not be open." endl;
fin.close();
}
void getdatas() //接受输入，并将信息存入文件中
{
ofstream fout(file, ios::out | ios::trunc |ios_base::binary);
if(fout.is_open())
{
cout "Num\tName\tSex\tAge\tEnglish\tMaths\tCpp\t\n";
for (int i=0; i5 ;i++)
{
cin stu[i].Num stu[i].Name stu[i].Sex stu[i].Age
stu[i].English stu[i].Maths stu[i].Cpp ;
fout stu[i].Num " " stu[i].Name " " stu[i].Sex " " stu[i].Age " "
stu[i].English " " stu[i].Maths " " stu[i].Cpp " ";
}
}
else cout "The file could not be open." endl;
cout "The data has been writen in the flie " file endl;
fout.close();
};
void dis_age() //按年龄大小排名，并显示成绩表
{
openfile();
Student temp;
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{
for (int j=i+1; j6; j++)
{
if(stu[i].Age stu[j].Age)
{
temp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = temp;
}
}
}
cout "N0. Name Sex Age English Maths C++ Total\n";
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{ stu[i].display(); cout endl;}
};
void dis_course() //按单科成绩排名，并显示成绩表
{
openfile();
cout "Select a course(E for english,M for Maths, C for C++):_\b";
char sel;
cin sel;
while (sel!='e' sel!='E' sel!='m' sel!='M' sel!='c' sel!='C')
{
cout "Not a right choice, input again:_\b";
cin sel;
}
Student temp;
for (int i=0; i4; i++)
{
for (int j=i+1; j5; j++)
{
if (sel == 'e' or sel=='E')
{
if(stu[i].English stu[j].English)
{
temp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = temp;
}
}
else if (sel == 'm' or sel=='M')
{
if(stu[i].Maths stu[j].Maths)
{
temp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = temp;
}
}
else if (sel == 'c' or sel=='C')
{
if(stu[i].Cpp stu[j].Cpp)
{
temp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
cout "N0. Name Sex Age English Maths C++ Total\n";
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{ stu[i].display(); cout endl;}
};
void dis_total() //显示某位学生的总成绩
{
openfile();
cout "Input the number of a student:__\b\b";
int choice;
cin choice;
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
if (choice == stu[i].Num)
stu[i].total();
};
void dis_ave() //显示某位学生的平均分
{
openfile();
cout "Input the number of a student:__\b\b";
int choice;
cin choice;
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
if (choice == stu[i].Num)
stu[i].ave();
};
void dis_all() //按部分多少排名，并显示成绩表
{
openfile();
Student temp;
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{
for (int j=i+1; j6; j++)
{
if(stu[i].Total stu[j].Total)
{
temp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = temp;
}
}
}
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{
stu[i].Rank=i+1;
}
cout "N0. Name Sex Age English Maths C++ Total Rank\n";
for (int i=0; i5; i++)
{
stu[i].display();
cout.width(5);
cout stu[i].rank() endl;
}
}
用C语言设计一个学生成绩管理系统
#include stdio.h
#include string.h
#include stdlib.h
#define MAX 1000
/*定义学生成绩信息结构*/
struct stu
{
char id[8];
char name[8];
扩展资料：
short：修饰int，短整型数据，可省略被修饰的int。（KR时期引入）
long：修饰int，长整型数据，可省略被修饰的int。（KR时期引入）
long long：修饰int，超长整型数据，可省略被修饰的int。（C99标准新增）
signed：修饰整型数据，有符号数据类型。（C89标准新增）
unsigned：修饰整型数据，无符号数据类型。（KR时期引入）
restrict:用于限定和约束指针，并表明指针是访问一个数据对象的唯一且初始的方式。（C99标准新增）
复杂类型关键字
struct：结构体声明。（KR时期引入）
union：联合体声明。（KR时期引入）
enum：枚举声明。（C89标准新增）
typedef：声明类型别名。（KR时期引入）
sizeof：得到特定类型或特定类型变量的大小。（KR时期引入）
inline:内联函数用于取代宏定义，会在任何调用它的地方展开。（C99标准新增）
参考资料来源：百度百科-c语言
C语言程序设计学生成绩管理系统
#include "stdio.h"
/*定义学生结构体*/
struct Student
{
char ID[20];
char Name[20];
float Mark1;
float Mark2;
float Mark3;
float Average;
};
/*声明学生数组及学生数量*/
struct Student students[1000];
int num=0;
/*求平均值*/
float Avg(struct Student stu)
{
return (stu.Mark1+stu.Mark2+stu.Mark3)/3;
}
/*通过学号返回数组下标*/
int Student_SearchByIndex(char id[])
{
int i;
for (i=0;inum;i++)
{
if (strcmp(students[i].ID,id)==0)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
/*通过姓名返回数组下标*/
int Student_SearchByName(char name[])
{
int i;
for (i=0;inum;i++)
{
if (strcmp(students[i].Name,name)==0)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
/*显示单条学生记录*/
void Student_DisplaySingle(int index)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[index].ID,students[index].Name,
students[index].Mark1,students[index].Mark2,students[index].Mark3,students[index].Average);
}
/*插入学生信息*/
void Student_Insert()
{
while(1)
{
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%s",students[num].ID);
getchar();
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",students[num].Name);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[num].Mark1);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[num].Mark2);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[num].Mark3);
getchar();
students[num].Average=Avg(students[num]);
num++;
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*修改学生信息*/
void Student_Modify()
{
float mark1,mark2,mark3;
while(1)
{
char id[20];
int index;
printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号:");
scanf("%s",id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要修改的学生信息为:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("-- 请输入新值--\n");
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%s",students[index].ID);
getchar();
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",students[index].Name);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[index].Mark1);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[index].Mark2);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",students[index].Mark3);
getchar();
students[index].Average=Avg(students[index]);
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*删除学生信息*/
void Student_Delete()
{
int i;
while(1)
{
char id[20];
int index;
printf("请输入要删除的学生的学号:");
scanf("%s",id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要删除的学生信息为:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("是否真的要删除?(y/n)");
if (getchar()=='y')
{
for (i=index;inum-1;i++)
{
students[i]=students[i+1];
}
num--;
}
getchar();
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*按姓名查询*/
void Student_Select()
{
while(1)
{
char name[20];
int index;
printf("请输入要查询的学生的姓名:");
scanf("%s",name);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByName(name);
if (index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在!\n");
}
else
{
printf("你要查询的学生信息为:\n");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if (getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}
/*按平均值排序*/
void Student_SortByAverage()
{
int i,j;
struct Student tmp;
for (i=0;inum;i++)
{
for (j=1;jnum-i;j++)
{
if (students[j-1].Averagestudents[j].Average)
{
tmp=students[j-1];
students[j-1]=students[j];
students[j]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
/*显示学生信息*/
void Student_Display()
{
int i;
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s\n","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for (i=0;inum;i++)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f\n",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,
students[i].Mark1,students[i].Mark2,students[i].Mark3,students[i].Average);
}
}
/*将学生信息从文件读出*/
void IO_ReadInfo()
{
FILE *fp;
int i;
if ((fp=fopen("Database.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件!\n");
return;
}
if (fread(num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
num=-1;
}
else
{
for(i=0;inum;i++)
{
fread(students[i],sizeof(struct Student),1,fp);
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*将学生信息写入文件*/
void IO_WriteInfo()
{
FILE *fp;
int i;
if ((fp=fopen("Database.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件!\n");
return;
}
if (fwrite(num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误!\n");
}
for (i=0;inum;i++)
{
if (fwrite(students[i],sizeof(struct Student),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误!\n");
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*主程序*/
main()
{
int choice;
IO_ReadInfo();
while(1)
{
/*主菜单*/
printf("\n------ 学生成绩管理系统------\n");
printf("1. 增加学生记录\n");
printf("2. 修改学生记录\n");
printf("3. 删除学生记录\n");
printf("4. 按姓名查询学生记录\n");
printf("5. 按平均成绩排序\n");
printf("6. 退出\n");
printf("请选择(1-6):");
scanf("%d",choice);
getchar();
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
Student_Insert();
break;
case 2:
Student_Modify();
break;
case 3:
Student_Delete();
break;
case 4:
Student_Select();
break;
case 5:
Student_SortByAverage();
Student_Display();
break;
case 6:
exit();
break;
}
IO_WriteInfo();
}
}
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